How Are Payroll Taxes Calculated?
Payroll tax withholdings are calculated using two methods — wage bracket methods and percentage methods. The wage bracket method is the easiest way to calculate your payroll taxes.
Wage Bracket Method
The wage bracket method is calculated using IRS Publication 15-A in “Wage Bracket Percentage Method Tables.” These tables are set up in accordance with employee pay periods and then checked into a W-4 form. An employee’s status as single or married directly impacts the number of allowances they can claim.
After you’ve determined the gross wage for your pay period in columns A and B in the 15-A form, subtract the amount from Column C and multiply your results by the percentage in Column D. Employees can also request additional tax withheld from each paycheck. The final sum is the amount you should withhold from your employee’s paycheck for their pay period.
Percentage Method
The percentage method is recommended for large businesses and is typically more complicated than the wage bracket method. To find the right tax withholdings using the percentage method, you must determine how much FICA (Social Security and Medicaid) tax is due.
FICA taxes are paid using 50% of your employee’s paycheck and 50% of your business’s own revenue. It is your duty as an employer to remit your employees’ FICA from their paychecks. FICA tax rates are currently at 12.4%, half of which is paid by the employer and half of which is paid by the employee. Medicare is similarly split with a 2.9% current rate that is halved between you and the employee.