IRS Penalty Refund

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Pandemic Tax Penalty Refunds | Polston Tax

Your Pandemic
Tax Penalties
May Have Been
Illegal.

A federal court has ruled that IRS penalties and interest charged between January 2020 and July 2023 violated a mandatory law Congress passed in 2019. If you paid during that window, you may have a right to recover what you paid.

3.5 Yrs
Mandatory postponement window the IRS ignored
4 Tax Yrs
Potentially affected: 2020, 2021, 2022 & 2023
2 Courts
Court of Federal Claims & Tax Court both ruled for taxpayers
Jul 10
Hard deadline to file a protective claim — 2026

The statute of limitations closes July 10, 2026. After that date, the right to claim a refund is permanently gone.

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What Happened — and Why You’re Owed a Refund

In 2019, Congress amended the tax code to require automatic, mandatory postponement of all federal tax deadlines whenever a national disaster is declared. The key word was “shall” — not “may.”

When COVID-19 was declared a national disaster on January 20, 2020, that postponement was legally triggered — covering every taxpayer in the United States through July 10, 2023. The IRS largely ignored it and kept charging penalties.

The U.S. Court of Federal Claims ruled that those assessments were improper under the plain language of the statute. Taxpayers who paid penalties or interest during that window have a right to a refund.

Who Is Eligible?

  • You paid failure-to-file or failure-to-pay penalties assessed between January 20, 2020 and July 10, 2023
  • You were charged underpayment interest during the COVID disaster window
  • Your business paid international information return penalties (Forms 5471, 5472, 3520)
  • You were hit with ERC-related interest after amending returns
  • You paid estimated tax penalties (§6654) with quarterly payments due during the period
  • An IRS audit resulted in an assessment you paid during the disaster window

Why Previous IRS Notices Weren’t Enough

The IRS issued limited relief through administrative notices — but those notices fell far short of what the courts say the law required.

Relief Source Tax Years Covers Interest? Dollar Cap? Filing Deadline Required?
IRS Notice 2022-36 2019, 2020 ✗ No None Must file by 9/30/22
IRS Notice 2024-7 2020, 2021 ✗ No <$100K assessed Automatic
Kwong v. United States ⚖️ 2020–2023 ✓ Yes No cap File Form 843 by 7/10/26

What You Can Get Back

If any of these were assessed between January 20, 2020 and July 10, 2023 — they may be fully recoverable.

Individuals

Form 1040 Penalties

Failure-to-file, failure-to-pay, and estimated tax underpayment penalties assessed on individual returns during the disaster period.

Businesses

Corporate & Pass-Through

Penalties on Forms 1120, 1120-S, and 1065. Applies to S-corps, C-corps, partnerships — including large corporations.

Interest

Underpayment Interest

Unlike the IRS notices, Kwong covers interest under §6601 — often a larger amount than the penalty itself.

International

Foreign Information Returns

$10,000–$25,000 flat penalties per form on Forms 5471, 5472, and 3520/3520-A — often assessed even when no tax was owed.

ERC

ERC-Related Interest

Businesses that amended returns to claim the Employee Retention Credit were often charged underpayment interest that should not have accrued.

Audits

Audit Assessments

If an IRS audit resulted in an assessment paid under protest during the disaster window, the Kwong ruling may extend your time to challenge it.

The Legal Story Behind Your Refund

From a quiet 2019 law change to a landmark court ruling — here’s how this happened.

2019
Congress Changes the Law
The Taxpayer First Act adds §7508A(d) to the tax code. Using the word “shall,” Congress mandates automatic postponement of all tax deadlines during a declared disaster — removing IRS discretion entirely.
Jan 20, 2020
COVID-19 Disaster Declared
The mandatory postponement is automatically triggered for every U.S. taxpayer. By law, all tax deadlines are now suspended through the entire disaster period plus 60 days.
2020–2023
IRS Ignores the Mandate
Rather than honoring the statutory postponement, the IRS issues narrow administrative notices and continues charging billions in penalties and interest — notifying no one of the legal protection they were owed.
May 11, 2023
Disaster Period Ends
The federal public health emergency terminates. Adding the required 60 days sets the legal postponement deadline at July 10, 2023 — meaning anyone who filed or paid by then was legally on time.
2024–2025
Courts Rule: IRS Was Wrong
Kwong v. United States (Court of Federal Claims) and Abdo v. Commissioner (Tax Court) both hold that the postponement was mandatory, self-executing, and overrides any IRS notice to the contrary.
Dec 26, 2025
Congress Codifies the Fix
H.R. 1491 — the Disaster Related Extension of Deadlines Act — eliminates the last technical barrier the IRS could use to deny refund payments based on the lookback limitation rule.
Kwong v. United States — U.S. Court of Federal Claims
“The plain language of Section 7508A(d) is unambiguous. The postponement period was mandatory and self-executing — it did not require an IRS notice to be legally effective.”
— Judge Molly Silfen · U.S. Court of Federal Claims
IRC §7508A(d)
Self-Executing
Jan 20, 2020 – Jul 10, 2023

What H.R. 1491 (Dec 2025) Changes

  • Treats disaster postponements as formal extensions for refund lookback purposes
  • Prevents the IRS from using the 3-year lookback rule to deny payment of claims filed by July 10, 2026
  • Prohibits IRS from mailing payment-due notices to disaster victims until 60 days after the postponement period

July 10, 2026.
After That, the Window Closes Forever.

The statute of limitations under IRC §6511(a) runs exactly three years from the Kwong legal deadline. This is not a soft deadline — once it passes, the IRS is legally barred from issuing refunds.

Days
Hours
Mins
Secs
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Why you must act now
1
The IRS is not telling you about this
The National Taxpayer Advocate explicitly warned that the IRS is not informing eligible taxpayers. You will not receive a notice in the mail.
2
The DOJ is appealing the ruling
A Protective Claim filed now preserves your rights even if the appeal takes years to resolve. Without it, you lose your rights permanently when the deadline passes.
3
Transcripts must be pulled first
Identifying and quantifying recoverable amounts requires pulling IRS account transcripts. Starting now ensures we meet your deadline.
4
Cases are handled in order received
With tens of millions of potentially eligible taxpayers and a firm deadline, we prioritize cases in the order they come in.

How Polston Tax Gets You Paid

From first contact to refund in hand — we handle every step.

1

Free Consultation

We review your tax history and identify every potentially recoverable penalty and interest charge from the 2020–2023 disaster window.

2

Transcript Review

Our team pulls your IRS account transcripts to document each assessment, calculate your recovery amount, and build your claim.

3

File Protective Claim

We file Form 843 Protective Refund Claims before the July 10, 2026 deadline, locking in your legal position for each applicable tax period.

4

Refund Secured

If Kwong is upheld on appeal, we handle all IRS communications and negotiations until your refund is issued — plus any interest owed on the refund itself.

Why Businesses and Individuals Choose Polston Tax

⚖️

Attorneys & CPAs

100+ member team of licensed tax attorneys and CPAs — the right combination for both the legal claim and post-refund tax planning.

📅

20+ Years Experience

Founded in 2001. We work directly with the IRS, federal courts, and appeals offices every day. This is not new territory for us.

🏆

Award-Winning

Recognized by Super Lawyers, the Oklahoma City Chamber of Commerce, and the Journal Record. Trusted by businesses nationwide.

🎯

Free Consultation

We review your situation at no charge. You’ll know exactly what you’re owed before you make any decisions.

Schedule a Free Consultation

A Polston Tax specialist will follow up within one business day to review your account and calculate your potential refund.

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You’re All Set!

Thank you. A Polston Tax specialist will contact you within one business day to review your account transcripts and walk you through your refund options.

Questions? Call 844-841-9857

This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal or tax advice. The Kwong v. United States decision is currently subject to appeal. Filing a protective claim preserves your rights pending final resolution.